
Предисловие
Дорогие читатели,
Изучение английского языка для взрослых может казаться сложной задачей, особенно когда необходимо одновременно осваивать грамматику, лексику и повседневные выражения. Эта книга создана с целью помочь вам изучать язык систематично, понятно и эффективно, используя реальные ситуации из повседневной жизни.
Каждая глава посвящена отдельной теме, начиная с привычек и повседневных действий и заканчивая профессиональным общением, планами и опытом. Особое внимание уделено практическим упражнениям, которые позволяют закрепить грамматические конструкции и лексику, а также развивают способность использовать английский язык в реальных ситуациях, а не просто запоминать правила.
Тексты и примеры адаптированы для начинающего уровня и построены так, чтобы быть ясными, интересными и легко запоминающимися. Грамматика объясняется доступно, а полезные выражения сопровождаются контекстом, который помогает сразу применять их на практике.
Главная цель книги — сделать изучение английского языка эффективным, мотивирующим и приятным. Она предназначена для всех, кто хочет уверенно говорить, писать и понимать язык в повседневной жизни и профессиональной среде.
Пусть каждый урок станет шагом к новым знаниям, уверенности и возможностям для общения.
Everyday Life
Grammar Focus: Present Simple (affirmative)
Present Simple используется для описания:
повседневных действий и рутины
привычек
регулярных событий
фактов, которые являются частью обычной жизни
Форма:
I / You / We / They + base form of the verb
He / She / It + verb + s
Примеры:
I wake up early every day. — Я просыпаюсь рано каждый день.
I work in an office. — Я работаю в офисе.
I drink coffee in the morning. — Я пью кофе утром.
She lives in a small apartment. — Она живёт в маленькой квартире.
She works from Monday to Friday. — Она работает с понедельника по пятницу.
She finishes work at five. — Она заканчивает работу в пять.
She goes to bed at eleven. — Она ложится спать в одиннадцать.
Советы по использованию:
Present Simple часто используется с выражениями every day, in the morning, in the evening.
Эта форма помогает уверенно рассказывать о своей повседневной жизни.
Story
Everyday life is simple but important. Many people like routine because it helps them feel calm and organized. Anna lives in a small apartment near the city center and works in an office.
Anna wakes up at seven o’clock every day. In the morning, she opens the window and drinks a glass of water. Then she makes coffee and eats a light breakfast. She checks her phone and reads the news. Anna leaves home at eight thirty and walks to work.
At work, Anna answers emails and completes her tasks. She likes her job because it gives her stability and structure. She finishes work at five o’clock and goes home by bus.
In the evening, Anna cooks dinner and watches TV. Sometimes she listens to music or reads a book. She feels relaxed at home. Anna goes to bed at eleven. She feels tired but satisfied. Her everyday life is not exciting, but it feels comfortable and balanced.
Useful Words and Expressions
everyday life — повседневная жизнь
routine — рутина, распорядок
wake up — просыпаться
in the morning — утром
drink water — пить воду
make coffee — готовить кофе
have breakfast — завтракать
leave home — выходить из дома
walk to work — идти на работу пешком
work in an office — работать в офисе
answer emails — отвечать на письма
finish work — заканчивать работу
go home — идти домой
by bus — на автобусе
in the evening — вечером
watch TV — смотреть телевизор
listen to music — слушать музыку
go to bed — ложиться спать
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert the correct form of the verb.
Anna ___ (wake up) at seven o’clock.
She ___ (work) in an office.
She ___ (drink) a glass of water in the morning.
She ___ (leave) home at eight thirty.
She ___ (go) to bed at eleven.
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
Anna wakes up at seven o’clock.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Anna drinks a glass of water in the morning.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Anna goes to work by bus.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Anna listens to music every evening.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Anna feels satisfied with her everyday life.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
Where does Anna live?
What does Anna do in the morning?
How does Anna go to work?
What does Anna do in the evening?
How does Anna feel about her everyday life?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
wakes up
works
drinks
leaves
goes
Exercise 2
a) True
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
a) True
Exercise 3
Anna lives in a small apartment near the city center. It is close to her work and daily places.
In the morning, Anna wakes up early and drinks water. She makes coffee, eats breakfast, and reads the news.
Anna walks to work in the morning. After work, she goes home by bus.
In the evening, Anna cooks dinner and watches TV. Sometimes she listens to music or reads a book.
Anna feels satisfied and comfortable with her everyday life. Her routine helps her feel calm and balanced.
Mini Tips
Попробуй рассказать о своём обычном дне, используя Present Simple.
Повторяй одни и те же глаголы в разных предложениях.
Читай историю вслух, чтобы привыкнуть к форме глаголов.
Обращай внимание на окончание -s в третьем лице.
My Day from Morning to Evening
Grammar Focus: Present Simple (questions and negatives)
В этой главе мы используем Present Simple для:
вопросов о повседневной жизни
отрицаний
уточнения информации о рутине и привычках
Вопросы:
Do / Does + subject + verb?
Do you work on weekends?
Does he start work early?
Отрицания:
do not (don’t) / does not (doesn’t) + verb
I don’t work on Sundays.
She doesn’t drink coffee in the evening.
Важно:
В вопросах и отрицаниях глагол не меняет форму
Окончание -s используется только в утвердительных предложениях
Примеры:
Do you wake up early? — Ты просыпаешься рано?
Does she work in an office? — Она работает в офисе?
I don’t eat breakfast at home. — Я не завтракаю дома.
He doesn’t watch TV in the morning. — Он не смотрит телевизор утром.
Do they go to work by bus? — Они ездят на работу на автобусе?
She doesn’t finish work late. — Она не заканчивает работу поздно.
Советы по использованию:
Используй вопросы, чтобы поддерживать разговор.
Отрицания помогают мягко уточнять информацию о себе и других.
Story
My day starts early in the morning and ends late in the evening. I wake up at six thirty on weekdays. I don’t stay in bed for a long time because I like to start my day calmly. I wash my face, get dressed, and make breakfast.
In the morning, I don’t watch TV. I usually drink tea and check my messages. I leave home at seven forty-five and go to work by bus. My workday starts at nine o’clock. I answer emails, work on my tasks, and talk to my colleagues. I don’t feel bored at work because my day is well organized.
I have lunch at one o’clock. After lunch, I continue working and finish my tasks. I don’t leave work early. I finish work at six and go home.
In the evening, I cook dinner and relax. I don’t go out on weekdays. I read a book or listen to music. I go to bed at eleven and feel ready for a new day.
Useful Words and Expressions
start the day — начинать день
wake up — просыпаться
stay in bed — оставаться в постели
get dressed — одеваться
make breakfast — готовить завтрак
check messages — проверять сообщения
leave home — выходить из дома
go to work — идти / ехать на работу
workday — рабочий день
answer emails — отвечать на письма
feel bored — чувствовать скуку
have lunch — обедать
continue working — продолжать работать
finish work — заканчивать работу
go home — идти домой
relax — отдыхать
go out — выходить из дома
feel ready — чувствовать готовность
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert do / does / don’t / doesn’t.
___ you wake up early on weekdays?
She ___ work late in the evening.
___ he go to work by bus?
I ___ watch TV in the morning.
They ___ finish work at six o’clock.
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
The person wakes up at six thirty.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person watches TV in the morning.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person goes to work by bus.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person leaves work early.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person goes out in the evening on weekdays.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
What time does the person wake up?
What does the person do in the morning?
How does the person go to work?
What does the person do after lunch?
How does the person spend the evening?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
Do
doesn’t
Does
don’t
do
Exercise 2
a) True
b) False
a) True
b) False
b) False
Exercise 3
The person wakes up at six thirty on weekdays. This helps start the day calmly.
In the morning, the person gets dressed and makes breakfast. The person drinks tea and checks messages.
The person goes to work by bus every day. This is part of the daily routine.
After lunch, the person continues working and finishes tasks. The workday ends at six o’clock.
In the evening, the person relaxes at home. The person reads a book or listens to music.
Mini Tips
Тренируй вопросы с Do / Does, описывая обычный день.
Отрицания полезны для уточнения привычек.
Проговаривай вопросы вслух — это ускоряет автоматизацию.
Обращай внимание, что -s не используется в вопросах и отрицаниях.
People Around Me
Grammar Focus: Verb to be (Present Simple)
Глагол to be используется, чтобы:
описывать людей
говорить о возрасте, профессии, характере
указывать состояние и место
В настоящем времени глагол to be имеет три формы: am, is, are.
Форма:
I am
He / She / It is
You / We / They are
Отрицание:
am not
is not (isn’t)
are not (aren’t)
Вопросы:
Am / Is / Are + subject?
Примеры:
I am a teacher. — Я учитель.
She is my colleague. — Она моя коллега.
He is very friendly. — Он очень дружелюбный.
We are from the same city. — Мы из одного города.
They are busy today. — Они сегодня заняты.
She isn’t tired. — Она не устала.
Are you ready? — Ты готов?
Советы по использованию:
Глагол to be не требует других глаголов в предложении.
Он часто используется с прилагательными и существительными.
Story
People around me are an important part of my everyday life. I work in a small office, and my colleagues are very different. Some people are quiet, and some are very talkative, but everyone is polite and helpful.
My manager is a calm and organized person. She is always on time and very professional. My closest colleague is Alex. He is friendly and open. He is good at his job, and he is always ready to help.
We are from different cities, but we work well together. Our office is not very big, but it is comfortable. The atmosphere is friendly, and people are respectful.
Outside work, I also spend time with my neighbors. They are kind and polite. One neighbor is an elderly woman. She is very nice and always smiles. Another neighbor is a young man. He is new in the building, but he is friendly.
The people around me are different, but they make my life more pleasant and balanced.
Useful Words and Expressions
people around me — люди вокруг меня
colleague — коллега
manager — руководитель
friendly — дружелюбный
polite — вежливый
helpful — готовый помочь
calm — спокойный
organized — организованный
professional — профессиональный
atmosphere — атмосфера
respectful — уважительный
neighbor — сосед
elderly — пожилой
kind — добрый
smile — улыбаться
different — разный
comfortable — комфортный
ready to help — готов помочь
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert am / is / are.
I ___ from a small city.
My colleague ___ very friendly.
We ___ ready for work.
My neighbors ___ kind and polite.
The office ___ comfortable.
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
The person works in a large company.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The manager is calm and organized.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Alex is the manager.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The neighbors are polite.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
One neighbor is new in the building.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
Where does the person work?
What is the manager like?
Who is Alex?
What are the neighbors like?
Why are people around the person important?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
am
is
are
are
is
Exercise 2
b) False
a) True
b) False
a) True
a) True
Exercise 3
The person works in a small office. The office is comfortable and friendly.
The manager is calm and organized. She is professional and always on time.
Alex is the person’s closest colleague. He is friendly, open, and helpful.
The neighbors are kind and polite. They are friendly and respectful.
The people around the person are important because they make life more pleasant. They help create a balanced everyday life.
Mini Tips
Запоминай формы am / is / are вместе с местоимениями.
Используй to be, чтобы описывать людей простыми предложениями.
Читай текст и находи все формы to be.
Попробуй устно описать людей вокруг себя, используя прилагательные.
Family and Friends
Grammar Focus: Possessive Adjectives and ’s
Притяжательные формы помогают показать, кому что принадлежит и чьи это люди или вещи.
Possessive adjectives используются перед существительным:
I → my
you → your
he → his
she → her
we → our
they → their
Примеры:
This is my family. — Это моя семья.
She visits her parents every week. — Она навещает своих родителей каждую неделю.
He calls his sister in the evening. — Он звонит своей сестре вечером.
We like our friends. — Нам нравятся наши друзья.
Possessive ’s используется с именами и людьми, чтобы показать принадлежность:
Anna’s brother — брат Анны
my friend’s house — дом моего друга
Примеры:
5. This is my mother’s bag. — Это сумка моей мамы.
6. I visit my friend’s home on weekends. — Я навещаю дом своего друга по выходным.
Советы по использованию:
Притяжательные прилагательные не изменяются по числу.
’s используется только с людьми или конкретными именами.
Можно сочетать оба способа для ясности, например: my friend’s brother.
Story
Family and friends are very important in my life. My family is not very big, but it is close and supportive. I live with my parents in a small apartment. My mother is kind and caring. She works in an office and likes cooking. My father is calm and practical. He enjoys reading in the evening.
I have one sister. Her name is Anna, and she is younger than me. She studies at university and spends a lot of time with her friends. My sister’s friends often visit our home, and the house feels lively.
I also have a close group of friends. My best friend’s name is Mark. He lives nearby, and we meet after work. Mark enjoys walking, talking, and drinking coffee with me. Our friendship is strong because we trust each other.
On weekends, I spend time with my family and friends. Their support helps me feel confident and happy in everyday life.
Useful Words and Expressions
family — семья
parents — родители
mother — мама
father — папа
sister — сестра
younger — младше
friends — друзья
best friend — лучший друг
close — близкий
supportive — поддерживающий
caring — заботливый
spend time — проводить время
visit — навещать
hobbies — увлечения
nearby — рядом
trust — доверять
friendship — дружба
feel confident — чувствовать уверенность
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert the correct possessive adjective or ’s.
This is ___ family. (I)
She visits ___ parents every weekend. (she)
This is my ___ bag. (mother)
He spends time with ___ friends. (he)
Mark is my ___ best friend. (sister)
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
The person lives with parents.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The mother likes cooking.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The sister works in an office.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Mark lives far away.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person spends weekends with family and friends.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
Who does the person live with?
What is the mother like?
Who is Anna?
Who is Mark?
Why are family and friends important?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
my
her
mother’s
his
sister’s
Exercise 2
a) True
a) True
b) False
b) False
a) True
Exercise 3
The person lives with parents in a small apartment. The family is close and supportive.
The mother is kind and caring. She works in an office and enjoys cooking.
Anna is the person’s younger sister. She studies at university and spends time with her friends.
Mark is the person’s best friend. He lives nearby and meets the person after work.
Family and friends are important because they give support and confidence. They help the person feel happy in everyday life.
Mini Tips
Используй my / your / his / her / our / their для описания семьи и друзей.
’s помогает уточнить принадлежность с конкретными именами.
Попробуй устно описать свою семью и друзей, используя новые формы.
Читай текст и находи все притяжательные формы — это ускоряет запоминание.
My Home
Grammar Focus: There is / There are
There is / There are используются, чтобы говорить о наличии чего-либо или описывать объекты в комнате, доме или другом месте.
Форма:
There is — для одного предмета
There are — для нескольких предметов
Примеры:
There is a sofa in the living room. — В гостиной есть диван.
There is a table in the kitchen. — На кухне есть стол.
There are two chairs in the dining room. — В столовой два стула.
There are three bedrooms in my apartment. — В моей квартире три спальни.
Отрицание:
There is not (isn’t) — нет одного предмета
There are not (aren’t) — нет нескольких предметов
Вопросы:
Is there a fridge in the kitchen? — Есть ли холодильник на кухне?
Are there any windows in the bedroom? — Есть ли окна в спальне?
Советы по использованию:
Используй there is для одного предмета и there are для множества предметов.
Можно сочетать с предлогами места: in, on, near.
Story
My home is small but comfortable. There is a living room, a kitchen, one bedroom, and a bathroom. The living room is cozy. There is a sofa, a small table, and a bookshelf. I like to read books on the sofa. There are some pictures on the wall. The room feels bright and friendly.
The kitchen is next to the living room. There is a fridge, a stove, and a table with two chairs. There are some plates, cups, and glasses on the shelves. I cook breakfast and dinner in the kitchen every day. The kitchen is always clean and organized.
My bedroom is quiet. There is a bed, a wardrobe, and a desk. There are some clothes in the wardrobe. I study and work at the desk. My bedroom is my personal space, and I feel relaxed there.
The bathroom is small. There is a shower, a sink, and a mirror. There are some towels near the sink. My home is simple, but it is comfortable and pleasant to live in.
Useful Words and Expressions
home — дом, квартира
living room — гостиная
kitchen — кухня
bedroom — спальня
bathroom — ванная
sofa — диван
table — стол
chair — стул
bed — кровать
wardrobe — шкаф
desk — письменный стол
bookshelf — книжная полка
fridge — холодильник
stove — плита
shelf — полка
towel — полотенце
cozy — уютный
bright — светлый
clean — чистый
personal space — личное пространство
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert there is / there are / isn’t / aren’t.
___ a sofa in the living room.
___ three chairs in the kitchen.
___ a bed in the bedroom.
___ any windows in the bathroom.
___ some books on the bookshelf.
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
There is a big garden near the house.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The living room has a sofa and a table.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
There are some plates and cups in the kitchen.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The bedroom has a desk and a wardrobe.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The bathroom has a bathtub.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
How many rooms are there in the home?
What is in the living room?
What can you find in the kitchen?
What is in the bedroom?
Why does the person like their home?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
There is
There are
There is
There aren’t
There are
Exercise 2
c) Not mentioned
a) True
a) True
a) True
b) False
Exercise 3
There are four rooms in the home: a living room, a kitchen, a bedroom, and a bathroom.
In the living room, there is a sofa, a small table, a bookshelf, and some pictures on the wall.
In the kitchen, there is a fridge, a stove, a table with two chairs, and some plates, cups, and glasses on the shelves.
In the bedroom, there is a bed, a wardrobe with clothes, and a desk. The person studies and works at the desk.
The person likes their home because it is comfortable, cozy, and organized. It feels bright and friendly.
Mini Tips
Используй there is / there are для описания комнаты или дома.
Отрицание помогает сказать, чего нет.
Старайся добавлять some / any при множественном числе.
Опиши свой дом вслух, используя новые слова и конструкции.
Daily Habits and Free Time
Grammar Focus: Present Simple (routines and habits)
Present Simple используется, чтобы говорить о регулярных действиях, привычках и распорядке дня.
Утвердительные предложения:
I read books in the evening.
She goes to the gym every morning.
Отрицания:
I don’t watch TV in the morning.
He doesn’t eat breakfast at work.
Вопросы:
Do you exercise every day?
Does she like coffee in the morning?
Советы по использованию:
Используйте Present Simple для повседневных действий.
Не забывайте добавлять -s к глаголу с he, she, it в утвердительных предложениях.
В отрицаниях и вопросах глагол остаётся в основной форме.
Story
I have daily habits that help me stay organized and happy. I usually wake up at seven o’clock. I make my bed, wash my face, and brush my teeth. After that, I have breakfast. I usually drink coffee and eat toast with jam. I don’t skip breakfast because it gives me energy for the day.
During the day, I work and study. I usually take a short break in the afternoon. I don’t watch TV while working. I answer emails, read documents, and sometimes call my friends.
In the evening, I enjoy my free time. I go for a walk in the park if the weather is nice. I like reading books or listening to music. Sometimes, I meet my friends in a café. We talk, laugh, and have a good time together. I go to bed at eleven o’clock. My daily habits and free time help me feel relaxed, healthy, and ready for a new day.
(≈190 words)
Useful Words and Expressions
daily habits — ежедневные привычки
free time — свободное время
wake up — просыпаться
make the bed — заправлять кровать
brush teeth — чистить зубы
breakfast — завтрак
coffee — кофе
toast — тост
jam — джем
skip — пропускать
work — работать
study — учиться
short break — короткий перерыв
park — парк
walk — прогулка
read books — читать книги
listen to music — слушать музыку
meet friends — встречаться с друзьями
talk — разговаривать
laugh — смеяться
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert the correct form of the verb in Present Simple or use don’t / doesn’t.
I usually ___ up at seven o’clock. (wake)
She ___ drink coffee in the morning. (do)
We ___ go for a walk in the evening. (not)
He ___ read books in free time. (read)
They ___ meet friends on weekdays. (not)
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
Read the statements and choose the correct answer.
The person skips breakfast.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person works during the day.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person goes for a walk if the weather is bad.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person sometimes meets friends in a café.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The person goes to bed at eleven o’clock.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
What does the person do in the morning?
What activities does the person do during the day?
How does the person spend free time?
What does the person do with friends?
Why are daily habits important for the person?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
wake
doesn’t
don’t
reads
don’t
Exercise 2
b) False
a) True
b) False
a) True
a) True
Exercise 3
In the morning, the person wakes up, makes the bed, washes the face, brushes teeth, and has breakfast.
During the day, the person works, studies, takes a short break, answers emails, reads documents, and sometimes calls friends.
In free time, the person goes for a walk, reads books, or listens to music.
The person meets friends in a café, talks, laughs, and enjoys time together.
Daily habits help the person feel relaxed, healthy, and ready for a new day.
Mini Tips
Используй Present Simple для всех привычных действий.
Обрати внимание на he / she / it и добавление -s к глаголу.
Попробуй составить свой распорядок дня вслух, используя новые слова и конструкции.
Можешь описывать действия друзей или семьи, используя don’t / doesn’t для отрицаний.
At Home and Around
Grammar Focus: Indefinite and Definite Articles
Артикли используются перед существительными, чтобы показать, о чём идёт речь.
1. Indefinite Articles: a / an
Используются, когда мы говорим о чём-то в первый раз или о неопределённом предмете.
a — перед существительными, которые начинаются с согласного звука
an — перед существительными, которые начинаются с гласного звука
Примеры:
I have a cat. — У меня есть кот.
She wants an apple. — Она хочет яблоко.
There is a table in the kitchen. — На кухне есть стол.
He bought an orange. — Он купил апельсин.
2. Definite Article: the
Используется, когда мы говорим о чём-то конкретном, уже известном собеседнику или упомянутом ранее.
Примеры:
5. The cat is sleeping on the sofa. — Кот спит на диване.
6. I like the apple you gave me. — Мне понравилось яблоко, которое ты мне дал.
7. The kitchen is clean. — Кухня чистая.
Советы по использованию:
Используй a / an, когда упоминаешь предмет впервые.
Используй the, когда говоришь о конкретном объекте или уже упомянутом.
Не используйте артикль с именами людей или городов (обычно), но используйте с rivers, mountains, oceans — the Nile, the Alps, the Pacific.
Story
At home, there are many things. In the living room, there is a sofa and a table. On the table, there is an apple and a cup of coffee. The sofa is very comfortable. I like to sit on the sofa and read a book. There is also a bookshelf in the corner. The bookshelf has some interesting books.
In the kitchen, there is a fridge and a stove. The fridge is full of food. I like the fruit in the fridge. There is an orange, a banana, and some apples. On the stove, there is a pot with soup. The kitchen is clean and organized.
In my bedroom, there is a bed and a desk. On the desk, there is a lamp and a notebook. I like the lamp because it is bright. My bedroom is quiet and comfortable.
Useful Words and Expressions
living room — гостиная
sofa — диван
table — стол
apple — яблоко
cup — чашка
coffee — кофе
bookshelf — книжная полка
corner — угол
kitchen — кухня
fridge — холодильник
stove — плита
fruit — фрукты
banana — банан
pot — кастрюля
soup — суп
bedroom — спальня
bed — кровать
desk — письменный стол
lamp — лампа
notebook — тетрадь
Exercises
Exercise 1. Fill in the blanks
Insert a / an / the.
There is ___ apple on the table.
I sit on ___ sofa in the living room.
There is ___ fridge in the kitchen.
I like ___ banana in the fridge.
On the desk, there is ___ lamp and ___ notebook.
Exercise 2. True / False / Not Mentioned
The sofa is uncomfortable.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
There is a pot with soup on the stove.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The fridge is empty.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
The bookshelf has interesting books.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
There is a TV in the bedroom.
a) True
b) False
c) Not mentioned
Exercise 3. Answer the questions
What is in the living room?
What fruit is in the fridge?
What is on the desk in the bedroom?
Why does the person like the lamp?
How is the bedroom described?
Answer Key
Exercise 1
an
the
a
the
a, a
Exercise 2
b) False
a) True
b) False
a) True
b) False
Exercise 3
In the living room, there is a sofa, a table, and a bookshelf. On the table, there is an apple and a cup of coffee.
In the fridge, there is an orange, a banana, and some apples.
On the desk in the bedroom, there is a lamp and a notebook.
The person likes the lamp because it is bright.
The bedroom is quiet and comfortable.
Mini Tips
Используй a / an, когда упоминаешь предмет впервые.
Используй the, когда говоришь о конкретном предмете, уже известном собеседнику.
Обращай внимание на гласный и согласный звук, чтобы выбрать a или an.
Попробуй описать свою комнату вслух, используя артикли с новыми словами.
Daily Habits and Free Time
Grammar Focus: Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of Frequency показывают, как часто происходит действие.
Основные наречия:
always — всегда
usually — обычно
often — часто
sometimes — иногда
rarely — редко
never — никогда
Позиция в предложении:
С утвердительными предложениями с to be:
I am always tired in the morning.
С другими глаголами:
I usually drink coffee in the morning.
She never skips breakfast.
Советы по использованию:
Наречие стоит перед основным глаголом, кроме глагола to be, где оно идёт после.
Используй наречия, чтобы делать описание своих привычек точнее.
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